What is the term used for the minimum range at which artillery can fire without risking friendly forces?

The term used for the minimum range at which artillery can fire without risking friendly forces is "Danger Close." This designation is critical in military operations, as it indicates the distance within which friendly troops might be at risk from their own artillery fire due to the proximity of the target. By understanding and applying the Danger Close range, commanders can effectively plan and execute indirect fire support while minimizing the risk to their own forces.

In practice, criteria for Danger Close vary, especially depending on the type of artillery munitions being used and the nature of the operation. It emphasizes the importance of precise targeting and situational awareness to prevent friendly casualties when operating in close proximity to enemy positions.

The other terms refer to different concepts in military operations. A Safe Zone typically refers to an area designated for protection of personnel and assets. Fire Control involves the coordination of units to direct fire effectively, while an Exclusion Zone is an area from which personnel are prohibited, often for safety reasons during certain operations or maneuvers.