What are “Rules of Engagement” (ROE)?

Rules of Engagement (ROE) are essential directives that define the specific circumstances, conditions, and limitations under which military forces can initiate or escalate combat with enemy forces. They are critical for maintaining clarity in combat situations, ensuring that personnel understand when they can use force, and what level of force is appropriate given the context of the engagement. This guidance not only helps protect the lives of service members but also seeks to minimize civilian casualties and ensure compliance with international law and the laws of armed conflict.

In the context of military operations, ROE provide a legal and ethical framework for decision-making, which is crucial for operational effectiveness and accountability. By specifying the conditions under which troops can engage or respond to threats, ROE enable commanders to balance the need for decisive action with the imperatives of civilian protection and the overarching goals of the mission.